As other have pointed out, the main utility is to allow easier cleaning of the tank cars from sediment (solid precipitates). Usually, there is a drain in the lowest point. The reason that it is in ...
If you consider only the static forces then indeed the thickness might seem over-engineered. However, engine blocks are not statically loaded. They operate in the range of a few hundred to a few ...
Electricity production optimization is a very complex subject. It is also affected by many parameters , which I will try to outline below. TL;DR: Demand is constantly monitored and supply is ...
I will expand on DKNguyen answer, because to my knowledge also the two reasons are: reduce contact/bearing stresses (having a significant effect on thin finishes live galvanisation) change the joint ...
It changes on both E and the exit point of the beam (see image below). source My understanding is that refraction occurs at any boundary that there is a change of the wave propagation velocity. The ...
The vending machines have different product delivery box implementations. One of the most common ones -I've encountered- is the following: Basically you have a box which has an opening, as shown in ...
TL;DR: Its not the air that's enclosed inside that creates the force, but the lack of air - or more precisely pressure. First of all some nomenclature (this is for the closed type, there is also the ...
Different gears have different drivers for having holes. One way you can categorize gears is by whether they are used primarily for transferring: motion: transferring angular position and angular ...
You are probably right (it being of Russian origin). The weight seems to be 5 funt. 1 funt is the Russian equivalent of a pound. It is written as Фунт, funt, and around 1900 it was the basic unit of ...
TL;DR: The bending and compression (buckling) stiffness is so small because the second moment of area of the fibres is small. Bending stiffness It does have a bending stiffness however it is really ...
TL;DR: ball bearings deform due to Hertzian pressure and therefore distribute the load However, the reason balls (rolling elements) don't easily crack is the ductility of the material (and to some ...
In short the heat treatments in steel change the phase of iron between the following phases: Austenite Cementite Martensite Bainite Ferrite Perlite. (Actually quenching does not allow low ...
It really depends on the problem and what you want to capture. Usually, in classes, it may be beneficial for the students at an initial stage to disregard gravity alltogether in order to simplify the ...
IMHO there is an "misuse" of the words brittle/strong/stiff that the OP is using. My interpretation of brittle has to do with sudden failure during testing with little to none plastic ...
There are many different materials that can be used for modern eyewear. Based on the following table (I put it together from online searches, its not from a single site, although the content is ...
UPDATED TL;DR: Cast iron has the advantage, because it has a greater capacity to hold heat, and because of its lower conductivity it releases it more slowly, thus its temperature does not fluctuate as ...
One of the mechanism that affect corrosion is known in the literature as Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC). The idea is that tensile stressed regions are prone to crack development. Crack development ...
It looks to me like a reed switch (I can't be really sure though because the image is not clear enough). A reed switch is an electrical switch operated (usually) by an applied magnetic field. A ...
One point of note is that the yield region is not as cleanly defined as BCD is in the image (although most books have it that way). In reality the yield region looks like The following image is one ...
Review of geared transmissions In general, the idea of a geared transmission is depended on the gear ratio. The gear ratio $i$ affects many aspects of a gear transmission, and the following equations ...
TL;DR: The kinematic constraint imposes the redistribution of forces on the four wheels. This redistribution is permitted due to the car differential. IMHO it is easier understand this if you first ...
The function of the wind turbine is to extract as much as possible energy from the moving mass of air. The energy of a mass $m$ of air is $$KE = \frac{1}{2}m v^2$$ and the power is (because the mass ...
TL;DR: Materials perform differently under different loading conditions. Some applications are more suited for steel others for aluminium I will try to give another more general perspective/approach, ...
100 cN.m are 1 N.m The c before the N.m is pronounced centi. It's a standard SI prefix. 1 c of a unit is $\frac{1}{100}$ of a unit. Therefore to convert toN.m you need to multiply cN.m with 0.01. $$...
I agree with Chemodynamics, and I will try to add a different perspective (or maybe two). The fire process is a process where you add a fuel (i.e. energy in the system), and that fuel is gradually ...
The tension on the rope is everywhere the same and its equal to F. So if you did a free body diagram on the following system by sectioning along the ropes: what you get from the equilibrium is $4F =...
I 'll start with the one that you should DEFINITELY NOT use: $mm^3$ or $mm3$. Probably the most widely used is the 1st. It's compact and economical and these are two of the most deciding factors in ...
This answer addresses the following sentence: So I'd expect to see the brakes applied by a spring that is capable of stopping the wheels of a fully loaded car, and a single-acting cylinder that works ...
The total electrical to optical power efficiency of a laser system is sometimes termed wall-plug efficiency. It is the ratio of $$\eta = \frac{\text{optical output power}}{\text{consumed electrical ...