That part is likely two different parts, one of them pressed inside the other.
Each part could be made in many different ways. How they were produced highly depends on what material they were made from.
High part number productions will often start with a ‚near net shape’ mold, and will be cast to almost what the final part is in dimension this saves fabrication time and material costs. Even highly complicated engine parts or entire blocks will be cast if they can be.
After this the parts will go into machining, if this is again, a high production part, they will likely be highly likely fully automated cnc machines. 4 Axis would be enough for that part with only a single part change for final contour. Depending on the part and tolerances, they may be pressed together first then machined or any combination.
After this they may go into whatever post processing that needs to be done, like pressing, hardening, plating, cleaning etc.