# How to find required clamping force of bolts to prevent flange faces from twising due to torque?

I have a gearbox adapter that bolts onto a flange and I need to work out how much clamping force is needed to prevent the faces from slipping and keep the bolts in tension rather than shear when torque is applied. However I can't use the straightforward friction equation here $(F_f =\mu \cdot F_n)$ because I don't know how to work out how the force from the applied torque is distributed.

For context, the torque being applied to the flange is $9123N \cdot m$ and the flange has an inside diameter of $185 mm$ and and outside diameter of $275 mm$. There are $12$ x $16 mm$ bolt holes at a diameter of $196 mm$. The two faces bolted together are made of $1020$ mild steel.

I figured that while friction doesn't have anything to do with surface area, in this case it would be better to have the flange face diameters as wide as possible because it would require less frictional force to resist the torque at a wider radius. However this has just confused me as I don't know what/where the forces are acting on the faces.

How can I find to force from torque that is distributed over a surface such as this?

• Key the flange faces together ie pins or spigots etc and keep the load off the bolts or use shank bolts so the shear is not on the threaded section... May 18 '18 at 10:21
• Yes partial thread bolts will be used, however we're trying to work out the required clamping force. The setup is not designed for shear fatigue. May 18 '18 at 10:26