For question 1:
The silver band stands for a tolerance of ± 10% this equals a range from 90% to 110%. you just added/subtracted the absolute value of 22Ω but wrote 22%, this is wrong. It should be 90% * 220Ω = 171,6Ω198Ω for the lover limit and 110% * 220Ω = 268,4Ω242Ω. Or ±10% * 220Ω = ±22Ω and then doing 220Ω ± 22Ω.
For question 2
The polarity of carbon composition resistors does not matter. You may have misunderstood something here. The direction from which you read the coloured rings does matter, this may have been the real meaning.